Carolina Carbajal-De-Nova
Autonomous Metropolitan University, MéxicoTitle: Health, economic growth, and gini index in North America using a panel model
Abstract
Objective:
The objective of this paper is assessed the nexus among health status, economic
growth, and the Gini index in North America and its countries using a panel
model.
Materials and Method: The materials consist of annual data regarding life expectancy,
government health expenditure as percentage of the gross domestic product, Gini
index, and gross domestic product at constant 2015 US$ for the period
2000-2019. The method applies a panel model for North America and its three
countries: Canada, Mexico and The United States. North America diversity
treatment among countries is dealt with fixed and random effects.
Results:
North America inhabitants health status are negatively influenced by an
increasing income inequality, and a reduction on economic growth. The country
that expends more in health care is The United States, follow by Canada and
Mexico. The biggest reduction on life expectancy from an increase in income
inequality is in The United States, followed by Canada and Mexico. Life
expectancy increases when Canada and The United States experience economic
growth. The countries with inarticulate health policy responses to an increase
in income inequality are first Mexico followed by The United States.
Conclusions:
In North America and its countries an increasing income inequality reduces life
expectancy, and government health expenditure. Economic growth benefits life
expectancy and government health expenditure. Health status seems to improve
with a reduction in income inequality and a greater public health expenditure.
Therefore, policies that increases income inequality and reduces public health
expenditure seems to be advocates of a reduction: in health status, population
welfare and economic growth.
Biography
Carolina has completed her Ph.D. in Economic Sciences
at the National Polytechnic Institute. Also, she has a M.S. in Applied
Economics from Cornell University and a M.S. in Social Economics and a B.A. in
Economics at Autonomous Metropolitan University. She is member of the Mexican
Research System, level one. She has over 50 publications that have been cited
81 times, and her publication h-index is 4.